Yes, light pollution impacts much more than just creatures on the surface. Even though the deep sea and underground areas seem separate from our cities, light can reach these places in surprising ways.
In the ocean, artificial light from ships, offshore platforms, and coastal cities can penetrate shallow waters. This disrupts the natural rhythm of marine life. Many deep-sea creatures rely on bioluminescence, which is their own natural light, to communicate, find food, or attract mates. When human light enters their environment, it can mask these vital signals, making it hard for animals to survive.
For subterranean ecosystems, light pollution can affect how food enters the soil. For example, artificial light at night can change the behavior of insects and plants near the surface. This alters how organic matter decomposes and flows into the underground food web. This chain reaction can change the entire balance of life beneath the earth.
In short, even light that seems far away can trick animals into changing their natural behaviors, which can harm their ability to eat and reproduce successfully.
